Anemia/Caffeine/Smoking/Aspirin/Kidneys/Erythropoiesis
Anemia/Caffeine/Smoking/Aspirin/Kidneys/Erythropoiesis
ASPIRIN/CAFFEINE/ALCOHOL AND ANEMIA
While there is apparent evidence that lifestyle factors influence iron bioavailability, there is scanty of information about the impact of the combination of alcohol and caffeine consumption on iron metabolism in the body. Hence, the purpose the current research article in discussion is to investigate the effect of caffeine and alcohol on iron bioavailability in healthy physically active and sedentary healthy men as well (Dziembowska etal, 2022). Points for emphasis in this study include the following:
v The combination of physical endurance and excessive alcohol consumption results in elevated body iron reserve
v Moderate alcohol consumption alleviates inflammation irrespective of physical endurance
v Excessive caffeine consumption can restrict iron bioavailability
v Higher caffeine consumption may elevate inflammatory condition especially, when combined with routine physical exercise
This research study recruits the total of 83 physically active men who consume alcohol excessively. The study includes 59 physically active men and 24 sedentary men ages between 18 and 32 years. Fasting blood samples are collected and subjected to the ELISA kits evaluation to determine the levels of ferritin, soluble transferring receptor etc. The final results indicate that physically active men excluding sedentary men who consume alcohol excessively present with elevated ferritin levels in comparison to moderate alcohol consumers and abstainers (Dziembowska etal, 2022). Considering the analyzed results, it’s assumed that increased caffeine consumption can lead to the disruption of iron homeostasis through elevated rate of inflammation. Also, physical endurance combined with moderate alcohol consumption can lead to reduced inflammatory response, depending on hsCRP levels (Dziembowska etal, 2022).
The second research article evaluates the impact of prolonged aspirin routine therapy on kidney function. According to Lu etal (2023), chronic microinflammation facilitates the progression of chronic kidney disease. Aspirin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) has been used in pharmacotherapeutic intervention in inflammatory conditions for years. However, the long-term impact of low-dose or simply, baby aspirin routine therapy on chronic kidney disease progression has not been certainly determined. Tus, the current study examines the association between prolonged low-dose aspirin routine therapy of 50 mg to 200 mg/day. The results of the study indicate that chronic low-dose aspirin routine is associated with accelerated kidney function deterioration without association with mortality or end-stage kidney disease (Lu etal, 2023).
The third research article is a case-control study with reference to tobacco smoking as a risk factor in iron deficiency anemia. The study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Dehradun, India enlists one hundred and ten patients randomly selected with equal number of control subjects. After conducting the research study, the conclusive results indicate that there is a significant association between tobacco smoking and iron deficiency anemia (Lu etal, 2023).
The fourth research article is a meta-data analysis about the impact of low-dose aspirin on the ubiquity of anemia in the elderly population. According to Defante etal (2024), whereas aspirin is commonly used in primary and secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease with its adverse effects such as acute bleeding, the potential impact of aspirin on the prevalence of anemia is yet unclear especially, in the aging population. Thus, the study investigates the effect of low-dose on anemia cases, hemoglobin concentration, and other hematologic parameters in the elderly by conducting a randomized meta-analysis, including observational trials, the results show that while low-dose aspirin is not associated with increased cases of anemia in the elderly population, there is significant correlation between aspirin intake and plummeting hemoglobin levels over time.
References
Defante, M.LR, Martins, O.C., Mendes, B.X., Moraals, B., Prizao, V.M., Souza, M.M., & Spinelli, B.FB. (2024). Impact of Low-Dose Aspirin on the Prevalence of Anemia in Elderly Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. Hematology, Transfusion, and Cell Therapy, Volume 46, Supplement 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.htct.2024.09.011. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2531137924003444)
Dziembowska, I., Wójcik, M., & Żekanowska, E. (2022). Caffeine and alcohol – Friends or foes of human iron stores? Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, Volume 71,
Fisher JW. Control of Erythropoietin Production. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. 1983;173(3):289-305. doi:10.3181/00379727-173-41646
Kaushik, R. M., Kaushik, R., & Vivek, A. (2022). Tobacco smoking-related risk for iron deficiency anemia: A case-control study. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 41(2), 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2022.2080627
Tang, P.U., & Wang, H. (2023). Regulation of Erythropoiesis: Emerging Concepts and Therapeutic Implications Department of Hematology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China